LNWR Glossary

Glossary Results for prefix "ea"

‘E’ 0-8-0 Locomotive class	The Webb 4-cylinder class ‘B’ compound goods engines suffered with excessive weight on their leading wheels and, in an attempt to reduce this, 26 were modified from 1904 to have a leading pony truck. From 1911 these became known as class ‘E’.
Earlestown	Earlestown is a station roughly half-way between Liverpool and Manchester on the LMR main line whose original name was Newton. It became a junction with the building of the Warrington and Newton Railway , and a triangle junction when the west curve was laid, giving access to Liverpool from Warrington. When the Grand Junction line was completed in 1837 Newton became part of the route from Birmingham both to Liverpool and, via the east curve, to the north; the building of Runcorn bridge and the Winwick cut-off later provided more direct routes from Crewe to Liverpool and the north respectively. The name Earlestown came in 1853 when the LNWR wagon works were established there, under the supervision of a veteran LNWR director, Sir Hardman Earle, but the station name was changed to Earlestown Junction only in 1861 (after a spell as Warrington Junction).
Eccentric	A disc eccentrically secured onto an axle. Used to produce reciprocating (move backwards and forwards in a straight line) movement.
Eccentric Rod	A rod, connected to an eccentric sheaf or return crank at one end; and to a mechanism, free to oscillate, at the other end.
Eccentric Sheaf	A sleeve which is secured to, but free to rotate on, an eccentric.
Edge Hill, Liverpool	Edge Hill is about one and a half miles east of Liverpool Lime Street passenger station. On the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the main importance of Edge Hill was as the site of the engine houses for the stationary engines which worked trains into and out of Crown Street, and later Lime Street, stations. Under the LNWR it became the centre of a massive complex, including a passenger station, main goods yards and locomotive shed for Liverpool, and junctions which gave access to Liverpool’s docks; to Lime Street station; and to Riverside station. The “Grid Irons” at Edge Hill were an early example of shunting by gravity.
Edmondson, Thomas (1792—1851)	After an early life as journey-man cabinet maker, in 1836 he obtained employment as a clerk on the Newcastle & Carlisle Railway. In 1837 he invented a machine for printing railway tickets on cards 2¼in x 1 ³/₁₆in, and a press for stamping dates on the tickets. The NCR showed no interest in his inventions, so he successfully applied to the Manchester & Leeds Railway. His system was soon adopted for use throughout the country and elsewhere in the world. Edmondson patented his inventions and charged railways 10s a mile per year for their use. He was always generous with the proceeds. His system avoided the time-consuming labour of writing out individual tickets for passengers.
Eight-Coupled Locomotive	A locomotive with eight driving wheels coupled together, usually 0-8-0 or 2-8-0 wheel arrangement.
Electric Staff	A staff or token dispensing system consisting of a machine at each end of a single line section. A number of tokens are contained in each machine which are electrically locked in such a way that once a token is removed, another at either end cannot then be removed until the first one is replaced in one of the machines.
Elliptical-roof Coach	On the LNWR this term referred to carriages whose roof followed the shape of a semi-ellipse with a large radius near the centre and small radius towards the edges. The high elliptical roof profile was introduced on the LNWR in 1906 and was a development of the previous ‘Cove Roof’ profile (introduced 1903) which was much flatter. This in turn replaced the former plain arc profile.